英语翻译A variety of causes lead to this deforestation.In Costa

英语翻译
A variety of causes lead to this deforestation.In Costa Rica,in addition to cattle ranching,banana plantations consume large areas of forest.In Brazil,a combination of land clearing for cattle ranching coupled with an invasion of immigrants from the south is responsible for forest losses.Elsewhere ,gold mining in Ecuador,coca production in Colombia and Bolivia,and logging of hardwoods for export in Malaysia are some of the causes of forest destruction.
Indigenous forest people often are blamed for tropical forest destruction because they carry out shifting agriculture that requires forest clearing.Actually,this ancient farming technique can be an ecologically sound way of obtaining a sustained yield from fragile tropical soils if it is done carefully and in moderation.This practice is sometimes called"slash and burn"by people who don't realize how complex and carefully balanced this method of farming actually can be .The preferred terms of milpa or swidden agriculture are taken from local names for field.
In this system,farmes clear a new plot of about a hectare each year.Small trees are felled and large trees are killed by girdling (cutting away a ring of bark),so that sunlight can penetrate through to the ground.After a few weeks of drying,the branches,leaf litter,and fallen trunks are burned to prepare a rich seedbed of ashes.Fast-growing crops,such as bananas and papayas,are planted immediately to control erosion and to shade root crops,such as cassava and sweet potato,which anchor the soil.Maize,rice,and up to eighty other crops are planted in a riotous profusion.Although they would not realize the terms,these indigenous people are practing mixed perennial polyculture.

有很多原因导致了这次砍伐.在哥斯达黎加,除了牧牛业,香蕉种植业也毁灭了大面积的森林.在巴西,南方移民入侵联合着牧牛业组织的土地清理对森林减少应负有责任.在其他地方,厄多瓜尔的金矿采集业,哥伦比亚和玻利维亚的可可生产业,马来西亚为了出口搞的硬木砍伐运输业也是森林毁灭的一些原因.
当地住在森林里的人常常因为热带森林的毁灭而被指责,因为他们将务农方式转变成必须清理森林的农业方式.事实上,这种这种古老的种植技术如果仔细稳健的进行的话可以成为一种从脆弱的热带土壤中获得持续性生产的听起来很环保的方法.这种方式有时被不懂得多复杂而且不会平衡这种种植方式政争的样子的人叫做“砍烧式”.这种更喜好的血雨腥风的农业模式是从当地的田地名得来的.
在这种系统中,农夫们每年清理出约一公顷的小地方.小树被砍倒而大树环带杀死（被切去一环树皮）.这样以后阳光可以穿入照到大地.经过几个周的干燥,枯枝败叶,倒下的树干都被烧掉来准备一个富饶的土地.那些快速生长的作物,比如香蕉和番木瓜马上就被种下来控制侵蚀和遮蔽固定土壤的食根作物如树薯和地瓜.玉米,水稻和多达80种其他的作物被富饶的种植.尽管他们可能不理解这种方式,这些当地人还是和可持续性发展一起生存着.
旁白：同学你这是论文吧?可持续性发展的题目.我都累爬了.