英语翻译行动研究的分类1）A Technical/Scientific/ Collaborative Mode From

英语翻译
行动研究的分类
1）A Technical/Scientific/ Collaborative Mode
From this approach,the primary goal was to test a particular intervention based on a pre-specified theoretical framework.
The researcher serves as a collaborator and a facilitator for the practitioner,while the practitioner brings information from the research to his or her clients
The researcher identifies a problem after collaborating with the practitioner,and then provides information to this practitioner who facilitates its implementation with the group
2）A Practical /Mutual Collaborative /Deliberate Mode
The researcher and the practitioner come together and collaboratively potential problems and issues,their underlying causes,and possible interventions.
This sort of “practical action research”seek to improve practical-and-service delivery of the practitioner through application of the “personal wisdom of the participants”.
The communication flow in this mode of action research starts with the research and facilitators working collaboratively ,and then flows from the practitioner to the group of stakeholders
3）A n Enhancing /Emancipating /Critical Science Mode
This mode of action research “promotes emancipatory praxis in the participating practitioners; that is,it promotes a critical consciousness which exhibits itself in political as well as practical action to promote change”
The first goal is an attempt to increase the closeness between the day-to-day problems encountered by practitioners in specific settings,and the theories used to explain and resolve the problem.
The second goal is to assist to practitioners in lifting their veil of clouded understandings,and help them to better understand fundamental problems by raising their collective consciousness
It is actually the coming together of theory and enlightenment that provides the emancipation and empowerment to the participants ,that leads to action and change.

1 ©一项技术/科学/协作模式
从这个办法,首要目标是测试某一特定干预的基础上,预先指定的理论框架.
研究者提供了一个合作者和推动者,为医生,而医生把信息从研究,以他或她的客户
研究者确定了问题后,与医生,然后再提供这方面的资料练习者,促进其实施与本集团
2 ©实用/相互协作/故意模式
研究者和实践者走到一起,共同的潜在问题和问题,其根本原因,以及可能的干预行动.
这种°实际行动研究±寻求改进实用和服务的从业者,通过应用该°个人的智慧,与会者± .
通信流在此模式下的行动研究始于研究和调解人协作,然后流向从练习者,设法通过该集团的利益相关者
3 ©一项加强/解放/关键科学模式
这种模式的行动研究°促进解放实践,在参加执业者,即是它促进批判意识,展示着自己在政治以及以实际行动推动改变±
第一个目标是企图以增加亲近之间日常遇到的问题,医生在特定环境中,和理论用来解释和解决问题的办法.
第二个目标是协助向练习者在解除他们的面纱蒙上阴影认识,并帮助他们更好地了解一些基本问题,提高他们的集体意识
它实际上是未来共同的理论与启示,提供了解放和赋予权力给与会者,从而导致行动和改变.